JLPT N5 - Grammar ๐ŸŒŸ ๆ–น kata

Japanese grammar pattern โ€œใ€œๆ–นโ€ (kata) labeled N5 on a blue background, used to express the way or method of doing something (โ€œhow toโ€ฆโ€).

Have you ever wanted to say something like this in Japanese?

“How do you write this kanji?”
“How do you make this dish?”
“What’s the best way to study Japanese?”

In English, we often say how to or the way to do something.
In Japanese, there’s a super useful and very common expression that does exactly that.

That expression is ๆ–น๏ผˆใ‹ใŸ / kata๏ผ‰.

ๆ–น is used to talk about how to do something the method, the steps, or even someone’s personal style.

From asking for directions, to learning kanji, to talking about someone’s way of thinking,
ๆ–น shows up everywhere in daily Japanese.

Once you learn this pattern, you’ll be able to ask clearer questions, give better explanations,
and sound much more natural in Japanese.

So, let’s learn how ๆ–น works, and how to use it smoothly in real conversations.

 

 

How to use ๆ–น (kata) with “Noun + ใ™ใ‚‹”
For verbs that follow “ [Noun] + ใ™ใ‚‹” pattern (like ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ (benkyou suru) or ้‹่ปขใ™ใ‚‹ (unten suru)), we don't attach ๆ–น (kata) directly to the noun. Instead, we change ใ™ใ‚‹ to ใ—ๆ–น๏ผˆใ—ใ‹ใŸ shikata๏ผ‰ and connect it with the particle ใฎ.

[Noun] + ใฎ + ใ—ๆ–น๏ผˆใ—ใ‹ใŸ๏ผ‰

ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ - ๅ‹‰ๅผทใฎใ—ใ‹ใŸ
ในใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ - ในใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใ† ใฎ ใ—ใ‹ใŸ
benkyou suru - benkyou no shikata
To study - How to study

้‹่ปขใ™ใ‚‹ - ้‹่ปขใฎใ—ใ‹ใŸ
ใ†ใ‚“ใฆใ‚“ใ™ใ‚‹ - ใ†ใ‚“ใฆใ‚“ ใฎ ใ—ใ‹ใŸ
unten suru - unten no shikata
To drive - How to drive

This sounds more natural and is very commonly used in daily conversation and explanations.


Particle rule : Using ๆ–น (kata) in a sentence
When you use ๆ–น, the verb placed before ๆ–น turns into a noun meaning “the way of doing something.”
Because of this, the object marker ใ‚’ usually changes to ใฎ.

ๆผขๅญ—ใ‚’ ๆ›ธใใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ‹ใ‚“ใ˜ ใ‚’ ใ‹ใใพใ™ใ€‚
kanji wo kakimasu.
I write kanji.

ๆผขๅญ—ใฎ ๆ›ธใๆ–นใ€‚
ใ‹ใ‚“ใ˜ ใฎ ใ‹ใใ‹ใŸใ€‚
kanji no kakikata.
The way to write kanji.

This particle change is very important, so be sure to pay attention to it when using ๆ–น (kata).

 

 

 

ใ“ใฎๆผขๅญ—ใฎ่ชญใฟๆ–นใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎ ใ‹ใ‚“ใ˜ ใฎ ใ‚ˆใฟใ‹ใŸ ใ‚’ ใŠใ—ใˆใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
kono kanji no yomikata wo oshiete kudasai.
Please tell me how to read this kanji.

 

้ง…ใธใฎ่กŒใๆ–นใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
ใˆใ ใธ ใฎ ใ„ใใ‹ใŸ ใ‚’ ใŠใ—ใˆใฆ ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ ใ‹๏ผŸ
eki he no ikikata wo oshiete moraemasu ka?
Could you tell me how to get to the station?

 

ใƒใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใฎ่ฒทใ„ๆ–นใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
ใกใ‘ใฃใจ ใฎ ใ‹ใ„ใ‹ใŸ ใŒ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
chiketto no kaikata ga wakaranai.
I don’t know how to buy a ticket.

 

ๅฝผๅฅณใฎ็ฌ‘ใ„ๆ–นใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
ใ‹ใฎใ˜ใ‚‡ ใฎ ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใ‹ใŸ ใŒ ใ ใ„ใ™ใ ใงใ™ใ€‚
kanojo no waraikata ga daisuki desu.
I love the way she laughs.

 

ๆ˜”ใฎไบบใฎ็”Ÿใๆ–นใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใŸใ€‚
ใ‚€ใ‹ใ— ใฎ ใฒใจ ใฎ ใ„ใใ‹ใŸ ใซ ใˆใ„ใใ‚‡ใ† ใ‚’ ใ†ใ‘ใŸใ€‚
mukashi no hito no ikikata ni eikyou wo uketa.
I was influenced by the way people lived in the past.

 

ๆฏใซใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใ‚ซใƒฌใƒผใฎไฝœใ‚Šๆ–นใ‚’ๆ•™ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
ใฏใฏ ใซ ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ ใ‹ใ‚Œใƒผ ใฎ ใคใใ‚Šใ‹ใŸ ใ‚’ ใŠใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
haha ni oishii karee no tsukurikata wo osowarimashita.
I learned how to make delicious curry from my mother.

 

ๆ—ฅๆœฌใงใฎใ”ใฟใฎๅ‡บใ—ๆ–นใฏ่ค‡้›‘ใงใ‚ใ‚“ใฉใ†ใใ•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
ใซใปใ‚“ ใง ใฎ ใ”ใฟ ใฎ ใ ใ—ใ‹ใŸ ใฏ ใตใใ–ใค ใง ใ‚ใ‚“ใฉใ†ใใ•ใ„ ใงใ™ใ€‚
nihon de no gomi no dashikata ha fukuzatsu de mendoukusai desu.
The way garbage is sorted and thrown away in Japan is complicated and troublesome.

 

ๅฝผใฏ่ชฌๆ˜Žใฎใ—ใ‹ใŸใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ไธŠๆ‰‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
ใ‹ใ‚Œ ใฏ ใ›ใคใ‚ใ„ ใฎ ใ—ใ‹ใŸ ใŒ ใจใฆใ‚‚ ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใš ใงใ™ใ€‚
kare ha setsumei no shikata ga totemo jouzu desu.
He is very good at the way he explains things.

 

 

 

  • Grammar Point: ๆ–น (ใ‹ใŸ / kata)
  • JLPT Level: N5
  • Meaning: The way of doing something, how to do something
  • Quick Explanation: ๆ–น is used to talk about how to do an action, including methods, steps, and even someone’s personal style or way of thinking.

So that’s how we use ๆ–น!
It’s a very practical expression that helps you ask questions, give explanations, and describe “the way” things are done in Japanese.

 

ๅ‹‰ๅผทใฎใ—ใ‹ใŸใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ไบบใฏใ€็งใฎใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใฟใฆใญ๏ผ
ในใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใ† ใฎ ใ—ใ‹ใŸ ใŒ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ ใฒใจ ใฏใ€ใ‚ใŸใ— ใฎ ใ“ใƒผใ™ ใ‚’ ใกใ‡ใฃใ ใ—ใฆ ใฟใฆ ใญ๏ผ
benkyou no shikata ga wakaranai hito ha, watashi no koosu wo chekku shite mite ne!
If you’re not sure how to study, try checking out my course!

 

Now, it’s your turn!
Try making your own sentence using ๆ–น.
Think about something you want to learn “how to do” in Japanese. Even a simple sentence is perfect.

 

Your Sensei,
Hikari ๐Ÿ‘ฉ๐Ÿป‍๐Ÿซโœจ

 


 

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