JLPT N5 - Grammar ๐ŸŒŸ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ga arimasu

Japanese expression โ€œใ€œใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™โ€ (ga arimasu) labeled N5 on a blue background, used to indicate existence of inanimate things or to say that something exists.

You’re walking down a street in Japan for the first time, everything feels new and exciting!

You spot a bright sign and gasp,
“Oh! There’s a konbini (convenience store)!”

You walk in and look around
“There’s an onigiri corner! There’s a sandwich corner! …Wait, there it is! My dream tamago sando! ”

In moments like this, you’re describing what exists around you, what is there.
In Japanese, we use ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ (ga arimasu) to say “there is” or “there are.”
But that’s not all! It can also mean “I have” when talking about things you own, time, or plans.

It’s an N5-level grammar point, super useful for talking about things, places, or events that exist.
Let’s learn how to use ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ naturally so you can describe your discoveries in Japan just like a local!

 

 

To describe where something is
Use this simple pattern:
Place + ใซ + Thing + ใŒ + ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
“There is (a thing) in/at (a place).”

 

For example:
ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ“ใƒ‹ ใซ ใŸใพใ”ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ“ใ‚“ใณใซ ใซ ใŸใพใ” ใ•ใ‚“ใฉ ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
konbini ni tamago sando ga arimasu.
There is an egg sandwich at the convenience store.

 

This pattern is super useful when you’re exploring Japan and want to describe what you see around you, like shops, signs, or even your favorite ramen spot.

 

ใŒใ„ใพใ™(ga imasu) vs ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™(ga arimasu)
Both ใŒใ„ใพใ™ and ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ mean “there is” or “there are,” but they’re used for different kinds of things.

ใŒใ„ใพใ™ is used for living things : people, animals, or anything that moves or breathes.
ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™is used for non-living things : objects, places, ideas, or events.

 

For example:
ๅ…ˆ็”ŸใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ›ใ‚“ใ›ใ„ ใŒ ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
sensei ga imasu.
There is a teacher.

 

ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
ใฆใ‚Œใณ ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
terebi ga arimasu.
There is a TV.

 

 

ๅ…ฌๅœ’ใซๆกœใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ“ใ†ใˆใ‚“ ใซ ใ•ใใ‚‰ ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
kouen ni sakura ga arimasu.
There are cherry blossom trees in the park.

 

้Š€่กŒใซ็”จไบ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
ใŽใ‚“ใ“ใ† ใซ ใ‚ˆใ†ใ˜ ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
ginkou ni youji ga arimasu.
I have something to do at the bank.

 

ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้“ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใฟใก ใ™ใ‚‹ ใ˜ใ‹ใ‚“ ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
yorimichi suru jikan ga arimasen.
I don’t have time to make a stop on the way.

 

ใ“ใฎๅ›ณๆ›ธ้คจใฏWi-FiใŒใชใ„ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎ ใจใ—ใ‚‡ใ‹ใ‚“ ใฏ ใ‚ใ„ใตใใ„ ใŒ ใชใ„ใ€‚
kono toshokan ha waifai ga nai.
This library doesn’t have Wi-Fi.

 

ๅฎถใฎ่ฟ‘ใใซ็Œซใ‚ซใƒ•ใ‚งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
ใ„ใˆ ใฎ ใกใ‹ใ ใซ ใญใ“ใ‹ใตใ‡ ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
ie no chikaku ni nekokafe ga arimashita.
There was a cat cafe near my house.

 

ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใซ่กŒใใŠ้‡‘ใŒใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
ใ‚Œใ™ใจใ‚‰ใ‚“ ใซ ใ„ใ ใŠใ‹ใญ ใŒ ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
resutoran ni iku okane ga nakatta.
I didn’t have money to go to the restaurant.

 

 

 

  • Grammar Point: ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ (ga arimasu)
  • JLPT Level: N5
  • Meaning: There is, there are, to have (for non-living things)
  • Quick Explanation: Use ใ€œใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ to talk about the existence of non-living things, places, events, or ideas.
    It can also mean “I have” when referring to something you possess, like money, time, or plans.


So that’s how we use ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™!
It’s one of the most basic, and most useful, grammar patterns in Japanese.
With this one phrase, you can describe what you see around you and what you have in your life.

 

ใ„ใพใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‘จใ‚Šใซใฏใ€ไฝ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ‚นใƒžใƒ›๏ผŸใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซ๏ผŸใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—๏ผŸๆœฌๆฃš๏ผŸ
ใ„ใพใ€ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฎ ใพใ‚ใ‚Š ใซ ใฏใ€ใชใซ ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ™ใพใป๏ผŸ ใฆใƒผใถใ‚‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใƒผใฒใƒผใ‹ใฃใท๏ผŸใปใ‚“ใ ใช๏ผŸ
ima, anata no mawari ni ha, nani ga arimasu ka? sumaho? teeburu? koohii kappu? hon dana?
What do you have around you right now? Your smartphone? A table? A coffee cup? A bookshelf?

 

Now it’s your turn! try making your own sentences with ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ and describe the things you can see around you!

 

Your Sensei,
Hikari ๐Ÿ‘ฉ๐Ÿป‍๐Ÿซ


 

Get Hikari's JLPT Mock Exams & Preparation Lessons!

Whether you are studying to pass the JLPT or looking for a challenge in your learning journey, these courses are perfect for you! 

 

Join my ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใƒฌใ‚ฟใƒผ Newsletter ๐Ÿ“ฉ


You can expect an email from me once a week about Japanese culture.
Don't worry, your information will not be shared.

We hate SPAM. We will never sell your information, for any reason.