JLPT N5 - Grammar ๐ŸŒŸ ใ  / ใงใ™ da / desu

Japanese copula โ€œใ  / ใงใ™โ€ (da / desu) labeled N5 on a blue background, used to state that something is or equals something in Japanese sentences.

Alright everyone, today’s grammar is one of the absolute basics!

We’re talking about ใ ๏ผใงใ™ (da / desu), the small but mighty words that mean “to be” (am, is, are) in Japanese.

You’ll hear ใงใ™ all the time, it’s the sentence-ending marker that pops up everywhere!
From self-introductions to giving opinions or describing things, this grammar point is truly the foundation of Japanese conversation.

Whether you say “I’m a student,” “This is coffee,” or “Japan is beautiful,”
you’re already using ใ  / ใงใ™!

So, let’s dive in and learn how to sound polite with ใงใ™, or casual and natural with ใ .

Ready to go? Let’s start!

 

 

๐Ÿ’กPoliteness Tip
Both ใ  / ใงใ™ and their negative forms mean “to be” or “not to be”, but the difference is all about formality and tone!

Polite & safe: ใงใ™ desu (positive) / ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ de ha arimasen (negative)
Casual & friendly : ใ  da (positive) / ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ janai (negative)
More common in daily conversation than ใงใฏใชใ„ deha nai : ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ janai (negative)


And here’s a little secret:
If you’re not sure which one to use the formal versions, it’s always the safest choice, you’ll sound polite, natural, and never rude.

 

 

็งใฏ ใฒใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
ใ‚ใŸใ— ใฏ ใฒใ‹ใ‚Š ใงใ™ใ€‚
watashi ha hikari desu.
I’m Hikari.

 

็งใฏ ๆ—ฅๆœฌ่ชžใฎ ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใงใ™ใ€‚
ใ‚ใŸใ— ใฏ ใซใปใ‚“ใ” ใฎ ใ›ใ‚“ใ›ใ„ ใงใ™ใ€‚
watashi ha nihongo no sensei desu.
I’m a Japanese teacher.

 

ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ ้‡‘ๆ›œๆ—ฅ…ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใ€ใพใ  ๆœจๆ›œๆ—ฅใ ๏ผ
ใใ‚‡ใ† ใฏ ใใ‚“ใ‚ˆใ†ใณ…ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใ€ใพใ  ใ‚‚ใใ‚ˆใ†ใณ ใ ๏ผ
kyou ha kinyoubi... janai, mada mokuyoubi da!
Today is Friday… wait, no, it’s still Thursday!

 

ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฎ ใƒ›ใƒผใƒ ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใฏ ๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
ใใฎใ† ใฎ ใปใƒผใ‚€ใฑใƒผใฆใƒใƒผ ใฏ ใŸใฎใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸ ใงใ™ใ€‚
kinou no ho-mupa-ti- ha tanoshikatta desu.
The home party yesterday was fun.

 

ใ“ใฎ ไฟณๅ„ชใฏ ๆ—ฅๆœฌใงใฏ ๆœ‰ๅใงใฏใชใ„ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎ ใฏใ„ใ‚†ใ† ใฏ ใซใปใ‚“ ใงใฏ ใ‚†ใ†ใ‚ใ„ ใงใฏ ใชใ„ใ€‚
kono haiyuu ha nihon deha yuumei deha nai.
This actor isn’t famous in Japan.

 

็ฅ–็ˆถใฏ ่‹ฅใ„้ ƒใ€ ใŠ้…’ใŒ ๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
ใใต ใฏ ใ‚ใ‹ใ„ ใ“ใ‚ใ€ใŠใ•ใ‘ ใŒ ใ ใ„ใ™ใ ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
sofu ha wakai koro, osake ga daisuki deshita.
My grandfather loved alcohol when he was young.

 

 

 

  • Grammar Point: ใ  / ใงใ™ (da / desu)
  • JLPT Level: N5
  • Meaning: To be (am, is, are)
  • Quick Explanation: ใ ๏ผใงใ™ is one of the most basic and important grammar points in Japanese.
    It’s used to describe or identify something, just like “to be” in English.

So that’s how we use ใ  / ใงใ™!
It may look simple, but it’s the foundation of almost every Japanese sentence.

 

็งใฏๆ—ฅๆœฌไบบใงใ™ใ€‚
ใ‚ใŸใ—ใฏ ใซใปใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚“ ใงใ™ใ€‚
watashi ha nihonjin desu.
I am Japanese.

 

Now it’s your turn! try making your own sentences using ใ ๏ผใงใ™, and practice saying them out loud like a natural!

 

Your Sensei,
Hikari ๐Ÿ‘ฉ๐Ÿป‍๐Ÿซ

 


 

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