JLPT N5 - Grammar ๐ ใ / ใงใ da / desu
Alright everyone, today’s grammar is one of the absolute basics!
We’re talking about ใ ๏ผใงใ (da / desu), the small but mighty words that mean “to be” (am, is, are) in Japanese.
You’ll hear ใงใ all the time, it’s the sentence-ending marker that pops up everywhere!
From self-introductions to giving opinions or describing things, this grammar point is truly the foundation of Japanese conversation.
Whether you say “I’m a student,” “This is coffee,” or “Japan is beautiful,”
you’re already using ใ / ใงใ!
So, let’s dive in and learn how to sound polite with ใงใ, or casual and natural with ใ .
Ready to go? Let’s start!



๐กPoliteness Tip
Both ใ / ใงใ and their negative forms mean “to be” or “not to be”, but the difference is all about formality and tone!
Polite & safe: ใงใ desu (positive) / ใงใฏใใใพใใ de ha arimasen (negative)
Casual & friendly : ใ da (positive) / ใใใชใ janai (negative)
More common in daily conversation than ใงใฏใชใ deha nai : ใใใชใ janai (negative)
And here’s a little secret:
If you’re not sure which one to use the formal versions, it’s always the safest choice, you’ll sound polite, natural, and never rude.
็งใฏ ใฒใใใงใใ
ใใใ ใฏ ใฒใใ ใงใใ
watashi ha hikari desu.
I’m Hikari.
็งใฏ ๆฅๆฌ่ชใฎ ๅ
็ใงใใ
ใใใ ใฏ ใซใปใใ ใฎ ใใใใ ใงใใ
watashi ha nihongo no sensei desu.
I’m a Japanese teacher.
ไปๆฅใฏ ้ๆๆฅ…ใใใชใใใพใ ๆจๆๆฅใ ๏ผ
ใใใ ใฏ ใใใใใณ…ใใใชใใใพใ ใใใใใณ ใ ๏ผ
kyou ha kinyoubi... janai, mada mokuyoubi da!
Today is Friday… wait, no, it’s still Thursday!
ๆจๆฅใฎ ใใผใ ใใผใใฃใผใฏ ๆฅฝใใใฃใใงใใ
ใใฎใ ใฎ ใปใผใใฑใผใฆใใผ ใฏ ใใฎใใใฃใ ใงใใ
kinou no ho-mupa-ti- ha tanoshikatta desu.
The home party yesterday was fun.
ใใฎ ไฟณๅชใฏ ๆฅๆฌใงใฏ ๆๅใงใฏใชใใ
ใใฎ ใฏใใใ ใฏ ใซใปใ ใงใฏ ใใใใ ใงใฏ ใชใใ
kono haiyuu ha nihon deha yuumei deha nai.
This actor isn’t famous in Japan.
็ฅ็ถใฏ ่ฅใ้ ใ ใ้
ใ ๅคงๅฅฝใใงใใใ
ใใต ใฏ ใใใ ใใใใใใ ใ ใ ใใใ ใงใใใ
sofu ha wakai koro, osake ga daisuki deshita.
My grandfather loved alcohol when he was young.

- Grammar Point: ใ / ใงใ (da / desu)
- JLPT Level: N5
- Meaning: To be (am, is, are)
- Quick Explanation: ใ ๏ผใงใ is one of the most basic and important grammar points in Japanese.
It’s used to describe or identify something, just like “to be” in English.
So that’s how we use ใ / ใงใ!
It may look simple, but it’s the foundation of almost every Japanese sentence.
็งใฏๆฅๆฌไบบใงใใ
ใใใใฏ ใซใปใใใ ใงใใ
watashi ha nihonjin desu.
I am Japanese.
Now it’s your turn! try making your own sentences using ใ ๏ผใงใ, and practice saying them out loud like a natural!
Your Sensei,
Hikari ๐ฉ๐ป๐ซ
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