JLPT N4 - Grammar ๐ŸŒŸ ใฆใŠใ te oku

Japanese grammar pattern โ€œใ€œใฆใŠใโ€ (te oku) labeled N4 on a teal background, used to express doing something in advance or leaving something as is for future convenience.

Are you the type of person who is always rushing around at the very last minute?
Or are you a “prepared-in-advance” person who has everything ready days before?

I’ll be honest…sometimes I’m a bit of a panic-mode Hikari too!
But in Japanese culture, being prepared is considered a superpower.

Whether you’re buying travel tickets early or cleaning your room before a party starts,ใ€€there’s a perfect grammar pattern for that kind of preparation: ใฆใŠใ (te oku)

It means doing something in advance for a future purpose.
Think of it as giving a little gift to your future self. So they don’t have to panic later!

Let’s learn how to use this very practical grammar point and make your life (and your Japanese!) much smoother.

 

 

 

ใฆใ‚ใ‚‹ (te aru) vs ใฆใŠใ(te oku)
These two expressions can feel confusing because they both describe a “state,” but the focus is different.

 

ใฆใ‚ใ‚‹ (te aru)
This describes a situation where something has already been done, and the result remains.

็ช“ใŒ้–‹ใ‘ใฆใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
ใพใฉ ใŒ ใ‚ใ‘ใฆใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
mado ga akete aru.
The window is open (and has been left that way).

 

ใฆใŠใ(te oku)
This emphasizes doing something now to prepare for later.

ๆš‘ใ„ใฎใงใ€็ช“ใ‚’้–‹ใ‘ใฆใŠใใญใ€‚
ใ‚ใคใ„ ใฎ ใงใ€ใพใฉ ใ‚’ ใ‚ใ‘ใฆใŠใใญใ€‚
atsui no de, mado wo akete oku ne.
Since it’s hot, I’ll open the window (in advance / for a reason).

 

๐Ÿ’ก Quick Tip:
In casual speech, ใฆใŠใ often becomes ใจใ (toku).

ๅค•้ฃฏใฎๆๆ–™ใ€่ฒทใฃใฆใŠใใญ๏ผ

ๅค•้ฃฏใฎๆๆ–™ใ€่ฒทใฃใจใใญ๏ผ
ใ‚†ใ†ใฏใ‚“ ใฎ ใ–ใ„ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใ‹ใฃใจใ ใญ๏ผ
yuuhan no zairyou, kattoku ne!
I’ll buy the ingredients for dinner in advance!

 

 

 

ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใ€ๆ—…่กŒใซ่กŒใใฎใงใ€ๅˆ‡็ฌฆใ‚’่ฒทใฃใฆใŠใใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ‚ใ—ใŸใ€ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ“ใ† ใซ ใ„ใ ใฎใงใ€ใใฃใท ใ‚’ ใ‹ใฃใฆใŠใใพใ™ใ€‚
ashita, ryokou ni iku node, kippu wo katteokimasu.
I’ll buy the tickets in advance since I’m going on a trip tomorrow.

 

ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใฎๅ‰ใซใ€้ƒจๅฑ‹ใ‚’ๆŽƒ้™คใ—ใฆใŠใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
ใฑใƒผใฆใƒใƒผ ใฎ ใพใˆ ใซใ€ใธใ‚„ ใ‚’ ใใ†ใ˜ ใ—ใฆใŠใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
paatii no mae ni, heya wo souji shiteokimashita.
I cleaned the room in advance before the party.

 

ไฝฟใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๅ…ƒใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซๆˆปใ—ใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
ใคใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใจ ใฎ ใฐใ—ใ‚‡ ใซ ใ‚‚ใฉใ—ใฆใŠใ„ใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
tsukattara, moto no basho ni modoshiteoite kudasai.
Please put it back where it belongs.

 

ใพใ ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใฏใคใ‘ใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
ใพใ  ใฟใฆ ใ„ใ‚‹ ใฎ ใงใ€ใฆใ‚Œใณ ใฏ ใคใ‘ใฆ ใŠใ„ใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
mada mite iru no de, terebi ha tsukete oite kudasai.
I’m still watching it, so please leave the TV on.

 

ๆ–™็†ใ‚’ใ‚นใƒ ใƒผใ‚บใซไฝœใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€้‡Ž่œใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใฃใฆใŠใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚Š ใ‚’ ใ™ใ‚€ใƒผใš ใซ ใคใใ‚‹ ใŸใ‚ ใซใ€ใ‚„ใ•ใ„ ใ‚’ ใใฃใฆใŠใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
ryouri wo sumuuzu ni tsukuru tame ni, yasai wo kitteokimashita.
I cut the vegetables in advance to make cooking go smoothly.

 

ๅŒ…ไธใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๅผ•ใๅ‡บใ—ใซใ—ใพใฃใฆใŠใใฎใŒใƒซใƒผใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚
ใปใ†ใกใ‚‡ใ† ใ‚’ ใคใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใฒใใ ใ— ใซ ใ—ใพใฃใฆ ใŠใ ใฎ ใŒ ใ‚‹ใƒผใ‚‹ ใงใ™ใ€‚
houchou wo tsukattara, hikidashi ni shimatte oku no ga ruuru desu.
After using a kitchen knife, the rule is to put it away in the drawer.

 

<Conversation Example>
A:ใˆ๏ผใพใŸๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ่ฒทใฃใŸใฎ๏ผŸ
ใˆ๏ผใพใŸ ใ‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ ใ’ใƒผใ‚€ ใ‹ใฃใŸ ใฎ๏ผŸ
e! mata atarashii geemu katta no?
What?! You bought another new game?

B:ใใ†ใชใฎใ€ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใใฆ…ใ€‚
ใใ† ใชใฎใ€ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ ใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใใฆ…ใ€‚
sou nano, doushitemo yaritakute…
Yeah… I really wanted to play it…

A:ใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใŒใชใ„ใชใใ€‚ใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“ใซใฏ็ง˜ๅฏ†ใซใ—ใจใใ€‚ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใจใง่ฒธใ—ใฆใญ๏ผ
ใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใŒใชใ„ ใชใใ€‚ใŠใ‹ใ‚ใ•ใ‚“ ใซ ใฏ ใฒใฟใค ใซ ใ—ใจใใ€‚ใงใ‚‚ ใ‚ใจใง ใ‹ใ—ใฆ ใญ๏ผ
shouganai naa. okaasan ni ha himitsu ni shitoku. demo atode kashite ne!
Oh well… I’ll keep it a secret from your mom. But let me borrow it later, okay?

 

 

 

  • Grammar Point: ใฆใŠใ(te oku)
  • JLPT Level: N4
  • Meaning: To do something in advance, to leave something as it is
  • Quick Explanation: Use ใฆใŠใ when you do something now to prepare for a future situation, or to keep a certain state for a reason.


So that’s how we use ใฆใŠใ.
It’s the ultimate “planning ahead” grammar, and yes, it makes you sound very organized.

 

ๆ—ฅๆœฌใฎๆ–‡ๅŒ–ใ‚„ๆ—ฅๆœฌๆ—…่กŒใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚€ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ไปŠใฎใ†ใกใซๅ‹‰ๅผทใ‚’ใ—ใฆใŠใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
ใซใปใ‚“ ใฎ ใถใ‚“ใ‹ ใ‚„ ใซใปใ‚“ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ“ใ† ใ‚’ ใŸใฎใ—ใ‚€ ใŸใ‚ ใซใ€ใ„ใพ ใฎ ใ†ใก ใซ ในใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใ† ใ‚’ ใ—ใฆใŠใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
nihon no bunka ya nihon ryokou wo tanoshimu tame ni, ima no uchi ni benkyou wo shiteokimashou.
Let’s study in advance now so you can enjoy Japanese culture and your trip to Japan more.

 

Now it’s your turn!
Try making your own sentence using ใฆใŠใ, and think about what you can do now for your future self.

 

Your Sensei,
Hikari ๐Ÿ‘ฉ๐Ÿป‍๐Ÿซโœจ

 

 


 

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