JLPT N4 - Grammar ๐ŸŒŸ ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ koto ga dekiru

Japanese grammar pattern โ€œใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹โ€ (koto ga dekiru) labeled N4 on a teal background, used to express ability or possibility, meaning โ€œcan doโ€ or โ€œbe able to do.โ€

Have you ever been in a situation where you needed to ask,
“Can I pay by card?”
“Can I take a photo here?”
or “Can you speak English?”

In Japanese, when you want to ask or say what someone can or is able to do, we use ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ (koto ga dekiru).
It’s an N4 grammar point that means “can do” or “be able to.”

You’ll hear it often when making polite requests or checking what’s possible, for example, in shops, stations, or hotels.
It’s slightly more formal and softer than just saying ใงใใ‚‹, which makes it perfect for everyday polite Japanese.

Let’s learn how to use it naturally, so you can express what you can (or can’t) do in Japanese, politely and confidently!

Shall we start?

 

 

 

ใงใใ‚‹ vs ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹
Both ใงใใ‚‹ and ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ mean “can” or “be able to,” but there’s a small difference in tone and formality.

ใงใใ‚‹ focuses on ability, “someone is capable of doing something.”
It’s more natural in daily conversation.

ๅฝผใฏใƒ”ใ‚ขใƒŽใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ€‚
ใ‹ใ‚Œ ใฏ ใดใ‚ใฎ ใŒ ใงใใ‚‹ใ€‚
kare ha piano ga dekiru.
He can play the piano.

 

ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ focuses on the action, “the act of doing something is possible.”
It sounds more polite or formal, and you’ll often hear it in announcements or written explanations.

ใ“ใฎๅ›ณๆ›ธ้คจใงใฏๆœฌใ‚’ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎ ใจใ—ใ‚‡ใ‹ใ‚“ ใงใฏ ใปใ‚“ ใ‚’ ใ‹ใ‚Šใ‚‹ ใ“ใจ ใŒ ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
kono toshokan de wa hon wo kariru koto ga dekimasu.
You can borrow books at this library.

 

๐Ÿ’ก Tip:
ใงใใ‚‹ for casual, spoken Japanese,
ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ for polite or formal contexts.

 

 

 

ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆ—ฅๆœฌ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ€‚
ใ‹ใฎใ˜ใ‚‡ ใฏ ใซใปใ‚“ใ” ใ‚’ ใฏใชใ™ ใ“ใจ ใŒ ใงใใ‚‹ใ€‚
kanojo ha nihongo wo hanasu koto ga dekiru.
She can speak Japanese.

 

็งใฏๆฅฝๅ™จใ‚’ๆผ”ๅฅใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ„ใ€‚
ใ‚ใŸใ— ใฏ ใŒใฃใ ใ‚’ ใˆใ‚“ใใ† ใ™ใ‚‹ ใ“ใจ ใŒ ใงใใชใ„ใ€‚
watashi ha gakki wo ensou suru koto ga dekinai.
I can’t play any musical instruments.

 

่ฌ›็พฉใฎใ‚ใจใ€็›ดๆŽฅ่ณชๅ•ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ“ใ†ใŽ ใฎ ใ‚ใจใ€ใกใ‚‡ใใ›ใค ใ—ใคใ‚‚ใ‚“ ใ™ใ‚‹ ใ“ใจ ใŒ ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
kougi no ato, chokusetsu shitsumon suru koto ga dekimasu.
You can ask questions directly after the lecture.

 

ใ“ใฎ็พŽ่ก“้คจใงใฏใ€ๅ†™็œŸใ‚’ๆ’ฎใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎ ใณใ˜ใ‚…ใคใ‹ใ‚“ ใงใฏใ€ใ—ใ‚ƒใ—ใ‚“ ใ‚’ ใจใ‚‹ ใ“ใจ ใŒ ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
kono bijutsukan de ha, shashin wo toru koto ga dekimasen.
You cannot take photos in this museum.

 

ใ“ใฎๆฐ—ๆŒใกใฏ่จ€่‘‰ใง่กจใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎ ใใ‚‚ใก ใฏ ใ“ใจใฐ ใง ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ™ ใ“ใจ ใŒ ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
kono kimochi ha kotoba de arawasu koto ga dekimasen.
I can’t express this feeling in words.

 

ๆ–ฐๅนน็ทšใฎไธญใงใฏใ€Wi-Fiใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ—ใ‚“ใ‹ใ‚“ใ›ใ‚“ ใฎ ใชใ‹ ใง ใฏใ€Wi-Fi ใ‚’ ใคใ‹ใ† ใ“ใจ ใŒ ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
shinkansen no naka de ha, Wi-Fi wo tsukau koto ga dekimasu.
You can use Wi-Fi on the Shinkansen.

 

 

 

  • Grammar Point: ใ€œใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ (~koto ga dekiru)
  • JLPT Level: N4
  • Meaning: Can, be able to
  • Quick Explanation: ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ is used to express ability or possibility, in other words, “can do something.”

 

So that’s how we use ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹!
It’s polite, clear, and super practical, perfect for travelers, students, or anyone communicating in Japanese.

 

ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ—ฅๆœฌ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ€‚
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใซใปใ‚“ใ”ใ‚’ ใฏใชใ™ ใ“ใจใŒ ใงใใ‚‹ใ€‚
anata ha nihongo wo hanasu koto ga dekiru.
You are able to speak Japanese.

 

Now it’s your turn, try making your own sentences with ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ and share what you can do in Japanese!

 

Your Sensei,
Hikari ๐Ÿ‘ฉ๐Ÿป‍๐Ÿซ

 


 

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