JLPT N4 - Grammar ๐ ใใ / ใใฃใฆใใ garu / gatteiru
Imagine this, you’re walking down a street in Japan, and suddenly you stop in front of a cake shop.
Your friend’s eyes start sparkling, their mouth drops open, and they can’t look away from the strawberry shortcake in the window…
You can feel it, right?
They really want to eat that cake!
In Japanese, there’s a special way to describe this kind of situation, when someone’s feelings show through their actions or expressions, even if they don’t say a word.
That’s where ใใ / ใใฃใฆใใ (garu / gatteiru) comes in!
It’s used when someone else shows signs of emotion, like fear, embarrassment, or desire.
Now, let’s explore it together!



ใใใ (souda / seems like) vs ใใ / ใใฃใฆใใ(garu / gatteiru)
Both expressions describe how someone appears to feel, but there’s a subtle difference in where the observation comes from.
ใใใ focuses on appearance, what you see or sense from the outside.
It’s like saying, “They look happy” or “She seems tired.”
It’s your impression based on what you can observe.
ใใ / ใใฃใฆใใ, on the other hand, focuses on behavior, what the person does that shows their feeling.
It’s not just how they look, but how they act or react emotionally.
Examples:
ๅฝผใฏใใใใใใ ใ
ใใ ใฏ ใใใใใใ ใ
kare ha ureshisou da.
He looks happy. (based on appearance)
ๅฝผใฏใใใใใฃใฆใใใ
ใใ ใฏ ใใใใใฃใฆใใใ
kare ha ureshigatteiru.
He’s showing happiness. (based on action or reaction)
Common Usage Pattern: ใปใใใ (hoshigaru) : “to want”
When describing someone else’s desire, we use ใปใใใ (hoshigaru).
This combines ใปใใ + ใใ to express a stronger, more visible feeling, when someone clearly shows that they want something.
Example:
ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆฐใใใขใฏใปใตใชใผใใปใใใฃใฆใใใ
ใใฎใใ ใฏ ใใใใใ ใใใใใใผ ใ ใปใใใฃใฆใใใ
kanojo ha atarashii akusesarii wo hoshigatteiru.
She wants a new accessory.
You’ll often hear this pattern in daily life, it’s a natural way to describe what someone seems to want, not what you want!
๐ก Tip:
ใปใใใ is never used for your own desires.
To express your wants, use ใปใใ (hoshii) instead.
โ
็งใฏๆฐใใใขใฏใปใตใชใผใใปใใใ(I want a new accessory.)
โ ็งใฏๆฐใใใขใฏใปใตใชใผใใปใใใฃใฆใใใ(unnatural)
ใใกใฎ็ซใฏ็ชๅใใใใฎใใจใฆใๅซใใใ
ใใก ใฎ ใญใ ใฏ ใคใ ใใใใ ใฎ ใ ใจใฆใ ใใใใใ
uchi no neko ha tsume kirareru no wo totemo iyagaru.
My cat really hates having its claws trimmed.
ๅญใฉใใ้กใใฟใฆไธๆ่ญฐใใฃใฆใใใ
ใใฉใ ใ ใใใฟ ใ ใฟใฆ ใตใใ ใใฃใฆใใใ
kodomo ga kagami wo mite fushigi gatteiru.
The child is looking at the mirror curiously.
ๅฝผใฏ่ฉฆๅใซ่ฒ ใใฆใใจใฆใๆใใใฃใใ
ใใ ใฏ ใใใ ใซ ใพใใฆใใจใฆใ ใใใ ใใฃใใ
kare ha shiai ni makete, totemo kuyashigatta.
He lost the match and looked very frustrated.
ๅฝผใฏ้ๆฎตใใ่ฝใกใใใ็ใใๆงๅญใใชใใฃใใ
ใใ ใฏ ใใใ ใ ใใ ใใกใ ใใใใใใ ใใใ ใ ใชใใฃใใ
kare ha kaidan kara ochita ga, itagaru yousu mo nakatta.
He fell down the stairs, but didn’t seem to show any sign of pain.
ๆฅ็จใงๅ้ใฏๆ
่กใซ่กใใชใใฆใใจใฆใๆฎๅฟตใใฃใใ
ใใ
ใใใ ใง ใจใใ ใก ใฏ ใใใใ ใซ ใใใชใใฆใใจใฆใ ใใใญใ ใใฃใใ
kyuuyou de tomodachi ha ryokou ni ikenakute, totemo zannen gatta.
My friend couldn’t go on the trip because of an urgent matter and felt very disappointed.
ๆใใใชใใงใๅคงไธๅคซ๏ผ
ใใใใใชใใงใใ ใใใใใถ๏ผ
kowagaranai de, daijoubu!
Don’t be scared, it’s okay!

- Grammar Point: ใใ / ใใฃใฆใใ (garu / gatteiru)
- JLPT Level: N4
- Meaning: To show signs of, to appear to feel, to act (a certain emotion)
- Quick Explanation: Attach ใใ to the stem of adjectives that express feelings or desires to describe someone else’s emotions or behavior.
So that’s how we use ใใ and ใใฃใฆใใ!
They’re super useful when you want to describe someone’s emotions, like when your friend acts shy, looks scared, or seems really happy.
Once you master this pattern, your Japanese will sound much more expressive, like you can truly capture how people feel around you.
็งใฏใๆฅๆฌใฎใใจใใใใใๅญฆใณใใใฃใฆใใใฟใใชใฎๅณๆนใงใ๏ผ
ใใใ ใฏใใซใปใ ใฎ ใใจ ใ ใใใใ ใพใชใณใใใฃใฆใใ ใฟใใช ใฎ ใฟใใ ใงใ๏ผ
watashi ha, nihon no koto wo takusan manabitagatteiru minna no mikata desu!
I’m on the side of everyone who’s eager to learn all about Japan!
Now it’s your turn! Look around today and try describing how people seem to feel in Japanese!
Your Sensei,
Hikari ๐ฉ๐ป๐ซ
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