JLPT N3 - Grammar ๐ŸŒŸ ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ใ€œใŸใ‚‰ moshimo ~ tara

Japanese grammar pattern โ€œใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ใ€œใŸใ‚‰โ€ (moshimo ~ tara) labeled N3 on an orange background, used to emphasize hypothetical situations, meaning โ€œif (by any chance)โ€ฆโ€.

Have you ever stared out the window and let your imagination run wild?
Maybe you’ve thought, “What if I won a billion yen tomorrow?” or “What if I could fly like a bird?”

In Japanese, we have the word ใ‚‚ใ— (moshi) for “if.”
But when you want to add drama, emotion, or imagine something very unlikely to happen, you use its stronger version: ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚๏ฝžใŸใ‚‰ (moshimo ~ tara).

You’ll often hear ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ in Japanese song lyrics, because it carries strong feelings.
It’s the Japanese version of “What if… just imagine this.”

Whether you’re dreaming of winning the lottery or worrying about an extreme situation, ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚๏ฝžใŸใ‚‰ helps make your Japanese sound more emotional and expressive.

Let’s dive into the world of “what ifs.”
Ready? Let’s go!

 

 

 

ๅ ดๅˆใฏ (ใฐใ‚ใ„ใฏ / baai ha) vs ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ (moshimo)
Both can mean “if” or “in case of,” but the nuance is very different.

 

ๅ ดๅˆใฏ (ใฐใ‚ใ„ใฏ / baai ha)
ๅ ดๅˆใฏ is formal and practical.
It is used for realistic situations, rules, and procedures, often in manuals or announcements.

ๅœฐ้œ‡ใŒ่ตทใใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๆœบใฎไธ‹ใซ้š ใ‚Œใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
ใ˜ใ—ใ‚“ ใŒ ใŠใใŸ ใฐใ‚ใ„ ใฏใ€ใคใใˆ ใฎ ใ—ใŸ ใซ ใ‹ใใ‚Œใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
jishin ga okita baai ha, tsukue no shita ni kakurete kudasai.
In the event of an earthquake, please hide under the table.

 

ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ (moshimo)
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ is emotional and imaginative.
It highlights the speaker’s feelings and is often used for unlikely or dramatic situations.

ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ€ๅœฐ้œ‡ใŒ่ตทใใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใฉใ†ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†๏ผ
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ ใ„ใพใ€ใ˜ใ—ใ‚“ ใŒ ใŠใใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใฉใ†ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†๏ผ
moshimo ima, jishin ga okitara, doushiyou!
What if an earthquake happened right now? What should I do?

 

ใ‚‚ใ— (moshi) vs ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ (moshimo)
The difference is the strength of imagination.

 

ใ‚‚ใ— (moshi)
ใ‚‚ใ— is the standard “if” for realistic, everyday situations.

ใ‚‚ใ—ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅ้›จใŒ้™ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๅฎถใงๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ‚‚ใ— ใ‚ใ—ใŸ ใ‚ใ‚ ใŒ ใตใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ„ใˆ ใง ใปใ‚“ ใ‚’ ใ‚ˆใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
moshi ashita ame ga futtara, ie de hon wo yomimasu.
If it rains tomorrow, I’ll read a book at home.

 

ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ (moshimo)
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ adds drama, longing, or a sense of “this probably won’t happen.”

ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅ้›จใŒ้™ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใฏๅฐ็„กใ—ใ ใ‚ˆ๏ผ
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ ใ‚ใ—ใŸ ใ‚ใ‚ ใŒ ใตใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ„ในใ‚“ใจ ใฏ ใ ใ„ใชใ— ใ  ใ‚ˆ๏ผ
moshimo ashita ame ga futtara, ibento wa dainashi da yo!
What if it rains tomorrow? The event will be totally ruined!

 

 

 

ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚้ญ”ๆณ•ใŒไฝฟใˆใŸใ‚‰ใ€ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ ใพใปใ† ใŒ ใคใ‹ใˆใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใชใซ ใ‚’ ใ—ใพใ™ ใ‹๏ผŸ
moshimo mahou ga tsukaetara, nani wo shimasu ka?
If you could use magic, what would you do?

 

ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚็”Ÿใพใ‚Œๅค‰ใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใพใŸ่‡ชๅˆ†ใง็”Ÿใพใ‚ŒใŸใ„ใ€‚
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ ใ†ใพใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใพใŸ ใ˜ใถใ‚“ ใง ใ†ใพใ‚ŒใŸใ„ใ€‚
moshimo umarekawattara, mata jibun de umaretai.
If I were reborn, I would want to be born as myself again.

 

ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ไบŒไบบใŒๅ‡บไผšใ‚ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใชๆ‚ฒใ—ใ„็ตๆœซใซใชใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใ‹ใชใ€‚
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ ใตใŸใ‚Š ใŒ ใงใ‚ใ‚ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใช ใ‹ใชใ—ใ„ ใ‘ใคใพใค ใซ ใชใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸ ใฎ ใ‹ใชใ€‚
moshimo futari ga deawanakattara, konna kanashii ketsumatsu ni naranakatta no kana.
If the two of them had never met, maybe it wouldn’t have ended so sadly.

 

ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ใใฎๆ˜ ็”ปใŒใŠใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€้€”ไธญใงๅธฐใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ ใใฎ ใˆใ„ใŒ ใŒ ใŠใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใ ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใจใกใ‚…ใ† ใง ใ‹ใˆใฃใฆ ใ‚‚ ใ„ใ„ ใงใ™ ใ‹๏ผŸ
moshimo sono eiga ga omoshiroku nakattara, tochuu de kaette mo ii desu ka?
If that movie isn’t interesting, is it okay to leave halfway through?

 

ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ๅฝผๅฅณใŒไฝœใฃใฆใใ‚ŒใŸๆ–™็†ใŒไธ‹ๆ‰‹ใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚‹๏ผŸ
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ ใ‹ใฎใ˜ใ‚‡ ใŒ ใคใใฃใฆ ใใ‚ŒใŸ ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚Š ใŒ ใธใŸ ใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚‹๏ผŸ
moshimo kanojo ga tsukutte kureta ryouri ga heta dattara, dou suru?
If the food she made wasn’t very good, what would you do?

 

ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚็งใŒ้ณฅใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ไปŠใ™ใใ‚ใชใŸใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใซไผšใ„ใซ่กŒใใฎใซใ€‚
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ ใ‚ใŸใ— ใŒ ใจใ‚Š ใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ„ใพ ใ™ใ ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฎ ใจใ“ใ‚ ใซ ใ‚ใ„ ใซ ใ„ใ ใฎ ใซใ€‚
moshimo watashi ga tori dattara, ima sugu anata no tokoro ni ai ni iku noni.
If I were a bird, I’d fly to see you right now.

 

ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅคขใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใฉใ‚“ใชใซใ„ใ„ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ ใ“ใ‚Œ ใŒ ใ‚†ใ‚ ใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใฉใ‚“ใชใซ ใ„ใ„ ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
moshimo kore ga yume dattara, donnani ii darou.
If this were just a dream, how wonderful that would be.

 

 

 

  • Grammar Point: ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ใ€œใŸใ‚‰ (moshimo ~ tara)
  • JLPT Level: N3
  • Meaning: If, supposing, in the unlikely event that…
  • Quick Explanation: Use ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ when you want to emphasize imagination, strong feelings, or a low probability situation. It adds emotional depth to your “if” sentences.

 

So that’s how we use ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ใ€œใŸใ‚‰.
It’s perfect for sharing dreams, worries, and emotional “what if” scenarios in Japanese.

 

ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ ใƒžใ‚ทใƒณใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ„ใคใซ่กŒใฃใฆใฟใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ ใŸใ„ใ‚€ใพใ—ใ‚“ ใŒ ใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ„ใค ใซ ใ„ใฃใฆ ใฟใŸใ„ ใงใ™ ใ‹๏ผŸ
moshimo taimu mashin ga attara, itsu ni itte mitai desu ka?
If you had a time machine, when would you like to go?

 

Now it’s your turn.
Think about an imaginary or impossible situation, and try expressing it using ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ใ€œใŸใ‚‰.
It’s a great way to add emotion and creativity to your Japanese.

 

Your Sensei,
Hikari ๐Ÿ‘ฉ๐Ÿป‍๐Ÿซโœจ

 


 

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