JLPT N2 - Grammar ๐ ใใฎไธ sono ue
Have you ever had a day where one good thing happened, and then BAM! Another amazing thing happened right after?
Or maybe you missed your train, and then realized you forgot your umbrella just as it started pouring?
In Japanese, when you want to say "on top of that" or "besides," we use the super handy expression ใใฎไธ (ใใฎใใ / sono ue).
It is like adding a cherry on top of a sundae (positive!) or adding fuel to a fire (negative!). Whether you are bragging about a perfect date or complaining about a tough day, ใใฎไธ helps you stack your points for extra emphasis.
It literally means "on top of that," and it is perfect for showing that something is not just "A," but it is "A PLUS B!"
Let’s dive into how to use it to make your Japanese sound more expressive and natural! Ready? Let's go!



๐กQuick Tip๏ผ
Sentence 1 and Sentence 2 must follow the same direction.
"Positive + Positive" or "Negative + Negative" ๐
ใใใซ (sore ni) vs ใใใ (shikamo) vs ใใฎไธ (sono ue)
These three all add information, but the "feeling" behind them is different!
ใใใซ (sore ni)
ใใใซ is the most casual and neutral. It is just adding another item to a list.
ใใฎใฌในใใฉใณใฏ็พๅณใใใงใใใใใซใๅฎใใงใใ
ใใฎ ใใใจใใ ใฏ ใใใใ ใงใใใใใซใใใใ ใงใใ
kono resutoran ha oishii desu. sore ni, yasui desu.
This restaurant is delicious. And, it is cheap.
ใใใ (shikamo)
ใใใ adds an element of "surprise" or "unexpectedness." It feels like "not only that, but surprisingly also this!"
ๅฝผใฏๆญใไธๆใงใใใใใใใใฉใ ใๅฉใใพใใ
ใใ ใฏ ใใ ใ ใใใใ ใงใใใใใใใฉใใ ใ ใใใใพใใ
kare ha uta ga jouzu desu. shikamo, doramu mo tatakemasu.
He is good at singing. What is more, he can also play the drums!
ใใฎไธ (sono ue)
ใใฎไธ is used when you want to emphasize the "amount" or "degree" of the situation. It feels like "A is already enough, but there is even B on top of it!"
ๆจๆฅใฏ ้ใซ ่ฟทใใพใใใใใฎไธใ้จใพใง้ใใใพใใใ
ใใฎใ ใฏ ใฟใก ใซ ใพใใใพใใใใใฎใใใใใ ใพใง ใตใใใพใใใ
kinou ha michi ni mayoimashita. sono ue, ame made furaremashita.
I got lost yesterday. On top of that, I got rained on.
(Using the passive form here makes it sound even more like a bad luck day!)
ๅฝผใฏไปไบใ้ใใงใใใใฎไธใใในใๅ
จใใใใพใใใ
ใใ ใฏ ใใใจ ใ ใฏใใ ใงใใใใฎใใใใฟใ ใ ใพใฃใใ ใใใพใใใ
kare ha shigoto ga hayai desu. sono ue, misu ga mattaku arimasen.
He works fast. On top of that, he makes no mistakes at all.
ใใฎใใใซใฏๆฏ่ฒใ็ด ๆดใใใใงใใใใฎไธใๆฅๅฎขใไธๆตใงใใ
ใใฎ ใปใฆใ ใฏ ใใใ ใ ใใฐใใใ ใงใใใใฎใใใใใฃใใใ ใ ใใกใใ
ใ ใงใใ
kono hoteru ha keshiki ga subarashii desu. sono ue, sekkyaku mo ichiryuu desu.
This hotel has a wonderful view. On top of that, the customer service is top notch.
ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็ฌ้กใใจใฆใๅฏๆใใใใฎไธใ่ชฐใซๅฏพใใฆใๅชใใใงใใ
ใใฎใใ ใฏ ใใใ ใ ใจใฆใ ใใใใใใใฎใใใใ ใ ใซ ใใใใฆใ ใใใใ ใงใใ
kanojo ha egao ga totemo kawaii. sono ue, dare ni taishite mo yasashii desu.
She has a very cute smile. Besides, she is kind to everyone.
ไบ็ดใใ้ฃ่กๆฉใ้
ใใใใใฎไธใ้ ใใ่ท็ฉใ่ฆใคใใใชใใ
ใใใ ใใ ใฒใใใ ใ ใใใใใใใฎใใใใใใใ ใซใใค ใ ใฟใคใใใชใใ
yoyaku shita hikouki ga okureta. sono ue, azuketa nimotsu ga mitsukaranai.
The flight I booked was delayed. To make matters worse, I cannot find my checked luggage.
ไปไบใๅฟใใใงใใใใฎไธใไบบ้้ขไฟใฎๆฉใฟใใใฃใฆใจใฆใ็ฒใใฆใใพใใ
ใใใจ ใ ใใใใใ ใงใใใใฎใใใใซใใใใใใใ ใฎ ใชใใฟ ใ ใใฃใฆ ใจใฆใ ใคใใใฆใใพใใ
shigoto ga isogashii desu. sono ue, ningenkankei no nayami mo atte totemo tsukareteimasu.
I am busy with work. On top of that, I have worries about human relationships, so I am very tired.
ๅฝผใฏใฎใฃใณใใซใ ๅฅฝใใ ใใใฎไธใๅ้ใซๅ้ใพใงใใฆใใใใใใ
ใใ ใฏ ใใใใถใ ใ ใใ ใ ใใใฎใใใใจใใ ใก ใซ ใใใฃใใ ใพใง ใใฆใใ ใใใใ
kare ha gyanburu ga suki da. sono ue, tomodachi ni shakkin made shiteiru rashii.
He likes gambling. Furthermore, I heard he is even in debt to his friends.

- Grammar Point: ใใฎไธ (ใใฎใใ, sono ue)
- JLPT Level: N2
- Meaning: Besides, in addition, furthermore, on top of that
- Quick Explanation: Use ใใฎไธ when you want to emphasize that another fact is being added to an existing situation.
So that is how we use ใใฎไธ!
It is a powerful connector that adds extra flavor to your stories and descriptions.
ๆฅๆฌใฎๆๅใๅฅฝใใงใใใฎไธใๆฅๆฌ่ชใใในใฟใผใใใใจ้ ๅผตใฃใฆใใใใชใใฏใๆฌๅฝใซ ็ด ๆตใช ไบบ๏ผ
ใซใปใ ใฎ ใถใใ ใ ใใ ใงใใใฎใใใใซใปใใ ใ ใพใใใผ ใใใ ใจ ใใใฐใฃใฆใใ ใใชใ ใฏใใปใใจใ ใซ ใใฆใ ใช ใฒใจ๏ผ
nihon no bunka ga suki de, sono ue, nihongo wo masutaa shiyou to ganbatteiru anata ha, hontou ni suteki na hito!
You are a truly wonderful person for liking Japanese culture and, on top of that, working hard to master the Japanese language!
Keep up the great work, and If you ever need anything, you can always come to me, Hikari Sensei!
Your Sensei,
Hikari ๐ฉ๐ป๐ซโจ
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