JLPT N2 - Grammar ๐ŸŒŸ ๆŠœใใง / ๆŠœใใซใ—ใฆ nuki de / nuki ni shite

Japanese grammar patterns โ€œใ€œๆŠœใใง / ใ€œๆŠœใใซใ—ใฆโ€ (nuki de / nuki ni shite) labeled N2 on a pink background, used to mean โ€œwithout,โ€ โ€œleaving out,โ€ or โ€œexcluding.โ€

Imagine this,
you’re visiting your best friend’s place, and they’re making coffee for you.
They know exactly how you like it. Milk, and two spoons of sugar. Always.

So they smile and ask “Same as usual?”

But today, you hesitate for a second.
You remember your recent health check, and the numbers were a little higher than expected.

So you say “Actually… today, without sugar, please.”

In Japanese, ๆŠœใใง (ใฌใใง / nuki de) and ๆŠœใใซใ—ใฆ (ใฌใใซใ—ใฆ / nuki ni shite) are used in moments just like this.
When you intentionally leave something out. An ingredient, a person, a condition, or even feelings like jokes or formalities.

Let’s look at how these expressions work, and how to use them naturally in everyday Japanese.

 

 

 

Choosing Between ๆŠœใใง (nuki de) and ๆŠœใใซใ—ใฆ (nuki ni shite)
Both ๆŠœใใง and ๆŠœใใซใ—ใฆ mean “leaving something out,” and in many situations, they can be used interchangeably.
However, depending on the context, one may sound more natural than the other.

 

ๆŠœใใง (nuki de)
ๆŠœใใง is mainly used for physical or concrete things, such as food ingredients or people.

ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ็ ‚็ณ–ๆŠœใใงใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
ใใ‚‡ใ† ใฏ ใ•ใจใ† ใฌใ ใง ใŠใญใŒใ„ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
kyou ha satou nuki de onegai shimasu.
Today, without sugar, please.

Use ๆŠœใใง when you are simply omitting something tangible.

 

ๆŠœใใซใ—ใฆ(ใฏ) (nuki ni shite (ha))
ๆŠœใใซใ—ใฆ is better suited for abstract things, such as jokes, emotions, formalities, or conditions in a discussion.

ๅ†—่ซ‡ใ‚’ๆŠœใใซใ—ใฆใ€็œŸๅ‰ฃใซ่ฉฑใใ†ใ€‚
ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใ ใ‚“ ใ‚’ ใฌใ ใซ ใ—ใฆใ€ใ—ใ‚“ใ‘ใ‚“ ใซ ใฏใชใใ†ใ€‚
joudan wo nuki ni shite, shinken ni hanasou.
Jokes aside, let’s talk seriously.

Use ๆŠœใใซใ—ใฆ when you want to set something aside mentally and focus on the main point.

 

้™คใ„ใฆ (nozoite) vs ๆŠœใใง (nuki de) / ๆŠœใใซใ—ใฆ (nuki ni shite)

้™คใ„ใฆ๏ผˆใฎใžใ„ใฆ๏ผ‰ also means “excluding,” but it sounds more neutral and factual.
It is often used to state rules, schedules, or objective conditions, rather than a personal choice.

ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใ‚’้™คใ„ใฆใ€ๆฏŽๆ—ฅๅ–ถๆฅญใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
ใซใกใ‚ˆใ†ใณ ใ‚’ ใฎใžใ„ใฆใ€ใพใ„ใซใก ใˆใ„ใŽใ‚‡ใ† ใ—ใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
nichiyoubi wo nozoi te, mainichi eigyou shite imasu.
We are open every day except Sunday.

Compared to this, ๆŠœใใง / ๆŠœใใซใ—ใฆ feel more intentional and conversational, showing that someone actively decided to leave something out.

 

 

ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅฏๅŠใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€ๆœ้ฃŸๆŠœใใงๅฎถใ‚’ๅ‡บใŸใ€‚
ใใ‚‡ใ† ใฏ ใญใผใ† ใ—ใŸ ใฎ ใงใ€ใกใ‚‡ใ†ใ—ใ‚‡ใ ใฌใ ใง ใ„ใˆ ใ‚’ ใงใŸใ€‚
kyou ha nebou shita no de, choushoku nuki de ie wo deta.
I overslept today, so I left home without eating breakfast.

 

็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ€ใŠๅฏฟๅธใ‚’ใ‚ใ•ใณๆŠœใใงๆณจๆ–‡ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ‚ใŸใ— ใฏ ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ€ใŠใ™ใ— ใ‚’ ใ‚ใ•ใณ ใฌใ ใง ใกใ‚…ใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚“ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
watashi ha itsumo, osushi wo wasabi nuki de chuumon shimasu.
I always order sushi without wasabi.

 

ๆฌกใฎๆ—…่กŒใฏใ€่ฆชๆŠœใใงๅ‹้”ใ ใ‘ใง่กŒใใŸใ„ใช๏ผ
ใคใŽ ใฎ ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ“ใ† ใฏใ€ใŠใ‚„ ใฌใ ใง ใจใ‚‚ใ ใก ใ ใ‘ ใง ใ„ใใŸใ„ ใช๏ผ
tsugi no ryokou ha, oya nuki de tomodachi dake de ikitai na!
For the next trip, I want to go with just friends, without my parents!

 

ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๆŠœใใซใ—ใฆใฏใ€็พไปฃใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใฏๆˆใ‚Š็ซ‹ใŸใชใ„ใ€‚
ใ„ใ‚“ใŸใƒผใญใฃใจ ใ‚’ ใฌใ ใซ ใ—ใฆ ใฏใ€ใ’ใ‚“ใ ใ„ ใฎ ใ›ใ„ใ‹ใค ใฏ ใชใ‚ŠใŸใŸใชใ„ใ€‚
intaanetto wo nuki ni shite ha, gendai no seikatsu ha naritatanai.
Without the internet, modern life cannot function.

 

ๅ†—่ซ‡ๆŠœใใงใ€ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฎใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้›ฃใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใ ใ‚“ ใฌใ ใงใ€ใใฎใ† ใฎ ใฆใ™ใจ ใฏ ใปใ‚“ใจใ† ใซ ใ‚€ใšใ‹ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
joudan nuki de, kinou no tesuto ha hontou ni muzukashikatta.
Jokes aside, yesterday’s test was really difficult.

 

ใŠไธ–่พžๆŠœใใซใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ—ฅๆœฌ่ชžใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไธŠๆ‰‹ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
ใŠใ›ใ˜ ใ‚’ ใฌใ ใซ ใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฎ ใซใปใ‚“ใ” ใฏ ใปใ‚“ใจใ† ใซ ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใš ใงใ™ ใญใ€‚
oseji wo nuki ni shite, anata no nihongo ha hontou ni jouzu desu ne.
Flattery aside, your Japanese is really good.

 

ๅ‰็ฝฎใใฏๆŠœใใซใ—ใฆใ€ใ•ใฃใใๆœฌ้กŒใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
ใพใˆใŠใ ใฏ ใฌใ ใซ ใ—ใฆใ€ใ•ใฃใใ ใปใ‚“ใ ใ„ ใซ ใฏใ„ใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
maeoki ha nuki ni shite, sassoku hondai ni hairimashou.
Let’s skip the introductions and get straight to the main topic.

 

 

 

  • Grammar Point: ๆŠœใใง / ๆŠœใใซใ—ใฆ (nuki de / nuki ni shite)
  • JLPT Level: N2
  • Meaning: Without, leaving out, setting aside
  • Quick Explanation: ๆŠœใใง and ๆŠœใใซใ—ใฆ are used when you intentionally leave something out.


So that’s how we use ๆŠœใใง / ๆŠœใใซใ—ใฆ!
They are very useful expressions when you want to be clear, honest, and direct in Japanese.

 

ๆ˜จๆ—ฅ็งใฏๆœใ”ใฏใ‚“ๆŠœใใงไป•ไบ‹ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
ใใฎใ†ใ‚ใŸใ—ใฏใ‚ใ•ใ”ใฏใ‚“ใฌใใงใ—ใ”ใจใซใ„ใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
Kinou watashi wa asagohan nuki de shigoto ni ikimashita.
Yesterday, I went to work without eating breakfast.

 

Now, it’s your turn!
Try making your own sentence with ๆŠœใใง or ๆŠœใใซใ—ใฆ.
Think about something you want to leave out and say it in Japanese.

 

Your Sensei,
Hikari ๐Ÿ‘ฉ๐Ÿป‍๐Ÿซโœจ

 


 

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